- Low carbon H2 production can play a key role on the descarbonization of industrial processes
- Its production costs need to be reduced to efficiently compete with the current production methods
- Direct solar-to-hydrogen conversion can be a suitable method to reduce the costs of low carbon H2
- The use of biomass residues as substrates for H2 production is an energy efficient pathway that can also lead to the production of valuable organic substrates increasing the economic attractiveness of the process
- Further R&D is needed to scale-up the photoelectrochemical cells